Viburnum is a diverse genus of flowering plants in the Adoxaceae family, encompassing a variety of species that differ in size, shape, and habitat. Among them, some of the smallest viburnum species are prized for their compact growth, making them ideal for gardens, landscapes, and containers. This article explores the top 10 smallest viburnum species, highlighting their unique characteristics, growing conditions, and uses.
Top 10 Smallest Viburnum Species in the World
1. Viburnum opulus ‘Nanum’
Viburnum opulus ‘Nanum’, commonly known as dwarf European viburnum, is a compact, deciduous shrub that typically grows to a height of only 2 to 3 feet (0.6 to 0.9 meters). This cultivar is a smaller version of the larger European viburnum, featuring attractive foliage and ornamental appeal.
Foliage: The leaves are deeply lobed and turn a vibrant red in the fall, adding seasonal interest.
Flowers: In spring, it produces clusters of white flowers, which are followed by red berries that attract birds.
Growing Conditions: ‘Nanum’ prefers well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. It is hardy in USDA zones 3-8.
Due to its small stature, ‘Nanum’ is an excellent choice for borders, rock gardens, and small urban spaces. Its compact form also makes it suitable for container planting.
2. Viburnum plicatum ‘Mariesii’
Viburnum plicatum ‘Mariesii’, also known as Maries’ viburnum, is a low-growing shrub that can reach heights of about 3 to 4 feet (0.9 to 1.2 meters). It is appreciated for its layered branching and attractive floral display.
Foliage: The leaves are glossy, dark green, and have a textured appearance.
Flowers: This cultivar features flat-topped clusters of white flowers in late spring, followed by red fruits that ripen to black.
Growing Conditions: It thrives in moist, well-drained soil and prefers full sun to partial shade. ‘Mariesii’ is hardy in USDA zones 5-8.
‘Mariesii’ is perfect for hedges, foundation plantings, or as a specimen plant. Its unique branching structure adds architectural interest to gardens.
3. Viburnum tinus
Viburnum tinus, commonly known as laurustinus, is a compact evergreen shrub that typically grows to a height of 4 to 6 feet (1.2 to 1.8 meters). While it can reach a slightly larger size, its bushy growth habit and small stature make it a popular choice for gardens.
Foliage: The leaves are dark green, leathery, and ovate, providing year-round interest.
Flowers: It produces clusters of small, fragrant white or pink flowers during winter and early spring, followed by blue-black berries.
Growing Conditions: Laurustinus prefers well-drained soil and full sun, but it can tolerate partial shade. It is hardy in USDA zones 8-10.
Viburnum tinus is ideal for hedges, privacy screens, and foundation plantings. Its evergreen nature makes it a valuable asset for year-round landscaping.
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4. Viburnum carlesii
Viburnum carlesii, known as Koreanspice viburnum, is a deciduous shrub that typically grows to about 4 to 5 feet (1.2 to 1.5 meters) tall. It is renowned for its delightful fragrance and colorful foliage.
Foliage: The leaves are oval-shaped, with a dark green color that turns to shades of red and purple in the fall.
Flowers: In spring, it produces clusters of small white flowers with a strong, sweet fragrance, making it a favorite among gardeners.
Growing Conditions: Koreanspice viburnum prefers well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. It is hardy in USDA zones 4-8.
Viburnum carlesii is often used in mixed borders, as a foundation plant, or as a specimen due to its attractive flowers and fragrance.
5. Viburnum x burkwoodii
Viburnum x burkwoodii, or Burkwood viburnum, is a hybrid shrub that typically grows to 4 to 6 feet (1.2 to 1.8 meters) tall. It is known for its compact form and fragrant flowers.
Foliage: The leaves are dark green and glossy, providing visual appeal throughout the growing season.
Flowers: This shrub produces clusters of white flowers in spring, which emit a delightful fragrance.
Growing Conditions: Burkwood viburnum thrives in well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. It is hardy in USDA zones 5-8.
Due to its compact growth, Viburnum x burkwoodii is an excellent choice for borders, hedges, and foundation plantings, adding beauty and fragrance to gardens.
6. Viburnum acerifolium
Viburnum acerifolium, commonly known as maple-leaved viburnum, is a deciduous shrub that typically grows to 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 meters) tall. It is valued for its unique foliage and adaptable nature.
Foliage: The leaves resemble those of a maple tree, providing a distinct appearance that is especially appealing in autumn.
Flowers: In spring, it produces clusters of white flowers that develop into blue-black berries in late summer.
Growing Conditions: This viburnum prefers moist, well-drained soil and partial shade, making it suitable for woodland gardens. It is hardy in USDA zones 3-8.
Viburnum acerifolium is ideal for naturalized areas, woodland gardens, and as a low hedge. Its unique foliage and seasonal interest enhance any landscape.
7. Viburnum nudum ‘Winterthur’
Viburnum nudum ‘Winterthur’ is a compact cultivar that grows to about 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 meters) tall. It is particularly appreciated for its striking berry display.
Foliage: The leaves are dark green and glossy, turning a beautiful red in the fall.
Flowers: It produces creamy white flowers in spring, which develop into large clusters of blue or purple berries in the fall.
Growing Conditions: ‘Winterthur’ prefers well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. It is hardy in USDA zones 5-9.
This viburnum is excellent for attracting birds and wildlife, making it suitable for wildlife gardens and naturalized areas. Its compact size also makes it a good choice for borders.
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8. Viburnum davidii
Viburnum davidii is a low-growing evergreen shrub that typically reaches a height of 3 to 4 feet (0.9 to 1.2 meters). It is valued for its attractive foliage and ground-cover potential.
Foliage: The leaves are dark green, leathery, and have a glossy finish, providing year-round interest.
Flowers: This species produces small white flowers in spring, which are followed by blue-black berries.
Growing Conditions: Viburnum davidii thrives in well-drained soil and partial shade to full sun. It is hardy in USDA zones 7-9.
Due to its compact size and evergreen nature, Viburnum davidii is ideal for ground cover, borders, and as a low hedge. Its ability to tolerate shade makes it suitable for woodland gardens.
9. Viburnum x rhytidophylloides ‘Allegheny’
Viburnum x rhytidophylloides ‘Allegheny’ is a compact hybrid shrub that typically grows to about 4 to 5 feet (1.2 to 1.5 meters) tall. It is appreciated for its attractive foliage and flowers.
Foliage: The leaves are large, dark green, and wrinkled, providing a unique texture to the plant.
Flowers: In spring, it produces creamy white flowers that develop into berries, attracting birds.
Growing Conditions: This hybrid thrives in well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. It is hardy in USDA zones 5-8.
‘Allegheny’ is perfect for borders, hedges, or as a specimen plant, adding visual interest with its distinctive foliage and flowers.
10. Viburnum lantana ‘Mohawk’
Viburnum lantana ‘Mohawk’ is a compact shrub that typically grows to 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 meters) tall. It is known for its tolerance to various growing conditions and attractive flowers.
Foliage: The leaves are broad and dark green, providing a lush appearance.
Flowers: It produces flat-topped clusters of white flowers in spring, followed by red berries that turn black when ripe.
Growing Conditions: ‘Mohawk’ prefers well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. It is hardy in USDA zones 5-8.
This viburnum is suitable for hedges, foundation plantings, and wildlife gardens, as its berries attract birds and other wildlife.
Conclusion
The smallest viburnum species offer a wide range of colors, shapes, and sizes, making them perfect for various gardening needs. From compact hedges to fragrant blooms, these viburnums provide versatility and beauty in any landscape. When choosing viburnums for your garden, consider their specific growing conditions, ornamental characteristics, and intended use to ensure they thrive and enhance your outdoor space.
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